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HDC

• Rat tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta.
• Introduced for therapy in 2011. Sold as cysticercoids (HDC) and taken in a drink.
• HDC do not colonise in the human host so you must repeat the dose every few weeks. HDC are very effective but do not keep as long as TSO.

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  HDC (Hymenolepis diminuta cysticercoids) is the larval stage of the Hymenolepis diminuta (rat tapeworm).
  Source: William Parker

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  Rat tapeworms harvested from a single laboratory rat are shown in a six-well plate. The worms don’t harm the rats. Each worm can produce more than 1,000 eggs per day.
  Source: William Parker

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  Hymenolepis diminuta (rat tapeworm).
  Source: William Parker

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  A vial of 60 HDC. The HDC can be seen as small white floating objects.
  Source: Michael via Biome Restoration

TSO

• Pig whipworm, Trichuris suis (TS)
• Introduced for therapy in 2004. Sold as ova (TSO) and taken as a drink.
• TS do not colonise in the human host so you must repeat the dose every few weeks.

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  TS (Trichuris suis), Pig whipworm - Source

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  Pig whipworm ova (TSO) - Ova are seen after roughly 100 days of incubation. The eggs must be manually counted under a microscope.
  Source: Detlev Goj, Tanawisa

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  A bottle of 2,500 TSO (Trichuris suis ova)
  Source: Detlev Goj, Tanawisa

TTO

• Human whipworm, Trichuris trichiura (TT)
• Introduced for therapy in 2009. Sold as ova (TTO) and taken in a drink.
• Trichuris trichiura colonises the human large intestine.

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  TT (Trichuris trichiura), Human whipworm - Source

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  TTO (Trichuris trichiura ova), Human whipworm ova - Source

NA

• Human hookworm, Necator americanus (NA)
• Introduced for therapy in 2007. Sold as microscopic larvae which are applied to the skin.
• Necator americanus colonises the human small intestine.

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  The face of Necator americanus (NA).
  Note that the image of Ancylostoma duodenale (the human hookworm with four "teeth"), is often used in presentations but AD is not suitable for helminthic therapy.
  Source:

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  Necator americanus (NA). The only human hookworm suitable for helminthic therapy.
  Source:

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  Eggs of Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale look the same and usually contain 4 or 8 cells, but AD is not suitable for helminthic therapy.
  Source:

Image Credits

Click through on the image for more information.

Hymenolepis diminuta cysticercoids (Hi-men-o-lep'is dim-a-nu-ta sis-ti-sur-koid) - the larval cysts of the rat tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta

A helminth with a flat, ribbon-like, segmented body. Only the murine (rat) tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta, is used in helminthic therapy and this generally does not reach adulthood in humans so requires regular dosing of HDC.

A murine (rat) tapeworm used in helminthic therapy that generally does not mature in humans and is taken as cysticerci (HDC) in a drink every 2 or 3 weeks.

the ova (eggs) of the porcine (pig) whipworm, Trichuris suis

A helminth with a flat, ribbon-like, segmented body. Only the murine (rat) tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta, is used in helminthic therapy and this generally does not reach adulthood in humans so requires regular dosing of HDC.

An alternative term for helminthic therapy that has been adopted by one helminth provider as the name of their business. [1]

A helminth with a tapering whiplike body that lives in the colon. In helminthic therapy, the microscopic eggs of either the human Trichuris trichiura (TTO) or pig Trichuris suis (TSO) are taken in a drink.

The porcine (pig) whipworm used in helminthic therapy and taken as microscopic eggs (TSO) in a drink every two weeks.

the porcine (pig) whipworm, Trichuris suis

the ova (eggs) of the human whipworm, Trichuris trichiura

The human whipworm used in helminthic therapy and taken periodically as microscopic eggs (TTO) in a drink.

the human whipworm, Trichuris trichiura

the human hookworm, Necator americanus

A helminth that lives in the small intestine. Necator americanus (NA) is the only hookworm species used in helminthic therapy. Its microscopic larvae are applied periodically to the skin.

The species of human hookworm used in helminthic therapy. Its microscopic larvae are applied periodically to the skin.

The active immature form of an insect, or an animal such as a helminth, which develops from an egg and eventually transforms again into its adult state.

A species of roundworm, aka the Old World hookworm, that is "not" used in helminthic therapy. Wikipedia:Ancylostoma duodenale

Ancylostoma duodenale. A species of roundworm, aka the Old World Hookworm, that is not ideal for general therapeutic use. See Ancylostoma duodenale.

The reintroduction to the digestive tract of a controlled number of specially domesticated, mutualistic helminths (intestinal worms) in the form of microscopic eggs or larvae to reconstitute a depleted biome to treat or prevent chronic inflammation, autoimmune disease and other immune-related disorders, including allergy.